Dinosaur finger bone from Lesotho rock refuge suggests Africans found out fossils centuries sooner than British did

Charles Helm was once born in Cape The city, South Africa, in 1957. He graduated with an MBChB on the College of Cape The city in 1981. He moved to Canada in 1986, settled in Tumbler Ridge in northeastern British Columbia in 1992, has practised there since later as a community doctor, and is a Fellow of the Faculty of Community Physicians of Canada.

Following the invention of Cretaceous dinosaur trackways akin Tumbler Ridge by way of his eight-year-old son and a chum in 2000, he was once a starting member of the Tumbler Ridge Museum in 2002, and thru this organisation he helped determine a neighborhood palaeontology analysis centre, which specialises in ichnology. He has served at the museum board of administrators as president, vice-president and secretary. He has made Cretaceous dinosaur trackway discoveries and Triassic fish and marine reptile discoveries. He led the force for the a success designation of the Tumbler Ridge Unesco International Geopark. He’s the writer of 9 books, considered one of which is a hold on dinosaurs for kids.

He has implemented the palaeontological wisdom he obtained in Canada to his local South Africa since 2007, documenting the wealth of Pleistocene fossil trackways that he and his analysis workforce have found out alongside a 350km stretch of sea coast, and has led analysis publications on those findings. Discoveries come with 4 hominin tracksites and proof that patterns made in sand by way of hominins are actually upheld in rock surfaces.

He’s a analysis laborer with the African Centre for Coastal Palaeoscience at Nelson Mandela College, South Africa, the place he’s recently pursuing his PhD within the Section of Geoscience. He has helped to pioneer the rising self-discipline of geomythology in southern Africa. He has given various talks on palaeontology, ichnology and geomythology to audiences in Canada and South Africa.

Peer reviewed earth science analysis articles:

As manage writer:

Helm, C.W., Anderson, R.J., Buckley, L.G., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C. 2017. Biofilm allows id of avian trackways in Overdue Pleistocene coastal aeolianites, South Africa. Palaeontologia Africana, 52:78–84.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., Cowling, R.M., De Vynck, J.C., Marean, C.W., McCrea, R.T., Rust, R. 2018. Palaeoecology of giraffe tracks in Overdue Pleistocene aeolianites at the Cape south coast. South African Magazine of Science, 114(1/2), 8 pages, Article quantity: 2017-0266. On-line at:

Helm, C.W., McCrea, R.T., Cawthra, H.C., Thesen, G.H.H., Mwankunda, J.M. 2018. Overdue Pleistocene hint fossils within the Goukamma Nature Secure, Cape south coast, South Africa. Palaeontologia africana, 52, 89–101.

Helm, C.W., McCrea, R.T., Cawthra, H.C., Cowling, R.M., Lockley, M.G., Marean, C.W., Thesen, G.H.H., Pigeon, T., Hattingh, S. 2018. A untouched Pleistocene hominin tracksite from the Cape south coast, South Africa. Medical Studies. On-line at: www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-22059-5 (accessed 01 March 2018).
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22059-5

Helm, C.W., Benoit, J., Mayor, A., Cawthra, H.C., Penn-Clarke, C.R., Rust. R. 2019. Pastime in geological and palaeontological curiosities by way of southern African non-western societies: A assessment and views for moment learn about. Lawsuits of the Geologists’ Affiliation.

Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G., Cole, Ok., Noakes, T.D., McCrea, R.T. 2019. Hominin tracks in southern Africa: A assessment and an way to id. Palaeontologia africana, 53, 81–96.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Lockley, M.G., McCrea, R.T., Venter, J. 2019.
The Pleistocene fauna of the Cape south coast observable via ichnology at two localities.
South African Magazine of Science 115 (1/2), Artwork. #5135.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Helm, C.J.Z., Rust, R., Stear, W. 2019. Patterns within the sand: a Pleistocene hominin signature alongside the South African sea coast? Lawsuits of the Geologists’ Affiliation 130(6), 719–740.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., Hattingh, R., Hattingh, S., McCrea, R.T., Thesen, G.H.H. 2019. Pleistocene hint fossils of Robberg Nature Secure. Palaeontologia Africana 54, 36–47.

Helm. C.W., Klenke, P. 2019. At the Size of the Earth – Pristine Approaches to our Planet’s Unique Climate. Cartographica.54(3), 145–192.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., Combrink, X., Helm, C.J.Z., Rust, R., Stear, W., Van den Heever, A. 2020. Pleistocene massive reptile tracks and possible swim lines on South Africa’s Cape south coast. South African Magazine of Science 116(3/4), Artwork. #6542.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., Cowling, R.M., De Vynck, J.C., Lockley, M.G., Marean, C.W., Thesen, G.H.H., Venter, J.A. 2020. Pleistocene vertebrate tracksites at the Cape south coast of South Africa and their attainable palaeoecological implications. In: Cleghorn, N., Potts, A.J., Cawthra, H.C. (Eds.), The Palaeo-Agulhas Modest: a misplaced international and extinct ecosystem. Quaternary Science Evaluations 235, 105857.

Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Helm, C.J.Z., Thesen, G.H.H. 2020. Massive Pleistocene avian tracks at the Cape south coast of South Africa. Ostrich 91(4), 275–291.

Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Dixon, M.G., Helm, C.J.Z., Thesen, G.H.H. 2020. Newly recognized hominin trackways from the Cape south coast of South Africa. South African Magazine of Science 116(9/10), Artwork. #8156.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Dixon, M., Stear, W. 2021. Elephant tracks – a biogenic explanation for potholes in Pleistocene South African coastal rocks. Magazine of Coastal Analysis 37(1), 59–74.

Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G. 2021. Pleistocene reptile swim lines showed from South Africa’s Cape south coast. South African Magazine of Science 117(3/4), Artwork.#8830.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., Cowling, R.M., De Vynck, J.C., Lockley, M.G., Marean, C.W., Dixon, M.G., Helm, C.J.Z., Stear, W., Thesen, G.H.H., Venter, J.A. 2021. Protective and keeping South African aeolianite surfaces from graffiti. Koedoe 63(1), a1656.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Helm. C.J.Z., Rust, R., Stear, W. 2021. Massive geometric patterns from the Heart Stone Week in aeolianites at the Cape south coast, South Africa. Rock Artwork Analysis 38(1), 10–22.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Helm. C.J.Z., Rust, R., Stear, W. 2021. Palaeoart on South Africa’s Cape south coast. South African Magazine of Artwork Historical past 35(2), 53–66.

Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G., Moolman, L., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Dixon, M.G., Stear, W., Thesen, G.H.H. 2021. Morphology of Pleistocene elephant tracks on South Africa’s Cape south coast, and possible elephant trunk drag impressions. Quaternary Analysis.

Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Hattingh, R., Lockley, M.G. 2022. Imaginable Pleistocene hominin tracks from South Africa’s west coast. South African Magazine of Science 118(1/2), Artwork. #11842.

In press:

Helm, C.W., Carr, A.S., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Dixon, M., Stear, W., Stuart, C., Stuart, M., Venter, J.A. Imaginable Pleistocene pinniped ichnofossils on South Africa’s Cape south coast. Magazine of Coastal Analysis.

Underneath assessment:

Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, Dixon, M.G., Rust, R., Stear, W., Zipfel, B. May people have shaped shoes within the Heart Stone Week?

As co-author:

Feldmann, R.M., Helm, C.W., Lawfild, A.M.W., Schweitzer, C.E. 2021. Pristine Overdue Cretaceous palinurid (Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) from northeastern British Columbia, Canada. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie 299(2), 149–159.

Lockley, M.G., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Helm, C.W., McCrea, R.T., Nel, R. 2019. Pristine fossil sea turtle trackway morphotypes from the Pleistocene of South Africa spotlight function of ichnology in turtle palaeobiology. Quaternary Analysis 92, 626–640.

Lockley, M.G., Abbassi, N., Helm, C/W. 2021. Massive, unwebbed fowl and fowl‐like footprints from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic: a assessment of ichnotaxonomy and trackmaker affinity. Lethaia 54(5), 969–987.

Lockley, M.G., Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Perrin, M.R. 2021. Pleistocene yellowish mole and ‘sand-swimming’ hint fossils from the Cape coast of South Africa. Quaternary Analysis 101, 169–186.

Lockley, M.G. Plint, A.G., Helm, C.W., Sharman, Ok.J., Vannelli, Ok.M. 2021. Crocodylian swim tracks from the Gates Formation (Albian), British Columbia, Canada: comparisons with Cretaceous crocodilian ichnology in western USA. Cretaceous Analysis 128, 104967.

Lockley, M.G., Helm, C.W., Cawthra, H.C., De Vynck, J.C., Dixon, M.G., Venter, J.A. 2022. Pleistocene petite mammal and arthropod trackways from the Cape south coast of South Africa. Quaternary Analysis, 1–15.

McCrea, R.T., Buckley, L.G., Currie, P.J., Plint, A.G., Helm, C.W., Haggart, J.W. 2014. A assessment of vertebrate track-bearing formations from the Mesozoic and earliest Cenozoic of western Canada with an outline of a untouched theropod ichnospecies and reassignment of an avian ichnogenus. In Lockley, M.G. and S. Lucas (eds.), Monitoring dinosaurs and alternative tetrapods in western North The us. Pristine Mexico Museum of Herbal Historical past Bulletin.

McCrea, R.T., Tanke, D.H., Buckley, L.G., Lockley, M.G., Farlow, J.O., Xing, L., Matthews, N.A., Helm, C.W., Pemberton, G., Breithaupt, B.H. 2015 Vertebrate Ichnopathology: Pathologies Inferred from Dinosaur Tracks and Trackways from the Mesozoic. Ichnos, 22:3-4, 235-260.

Plint, A.G., Charles W. Helm, C.W., Lockley, M.G. 2022. Crocodylian and dinosaur hint fossil assemblages from crevasse splay/levee and floodplain puddle environments: heart Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation, northeast British Columbia, Canada. Historic Biology.

As well as he has authored 36 peer-reviewed publications within the Canadian Magazine of Rural Medication (to be had on request).

Awards

Awards which can be indistinguishable at once or not directly to palaeontology come with:
– Rene Savenye Award (2011) from the British Columbia Paleontological Alliance, in reputation of contributions to British Columbia palaeontology
– In 2013 a newly described genus of fossil marine reptile, Gulosaurus, was once assigned the species title helmi in reputation of his contributions to the invention and learn about of Triassic fish and reptile fossils.
– Honorary Level in Arts, Northern Lighting Faculty, British Columbia (2015)
– Highest Speaker Award, second Global Convention on Continental Ichnology, Nuy, South Africa (2017).

He has additionally won awards for postgraduate instructing from the College of British Columbia Section of Community Follow, the Walter Smith Visionary Award in reputation of contribution to tourism innovation in northern British Columbia, the Governor Common’s Being concerned Canadian Award (2016), the Queen’s Yellowish Jubilee Medal (2002), the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal (2012), and the Rural Community Doctor of the Life Award (2016) from the British Columbia Faculty of Community Physicians.